Women’s Health – Common Health Risks

NIB has highlighted some of the common health risks women face, and the symptoms to look out for.

A common, inflammatory disease that occurs when endometrial tissue is found outside of the uterus – often impacting fertility. Women who have an existing family history of endometriosis may have a higher likelihood of having the condition.

• Pelvic or lower back pain
• Pain before or during menstruation
• Bowel bloating, diarrhoea, constipation, or pain
• Other pain such as during ovulation or intercourse

The most common cancer among Kiwi women. Breast cancer is more commonly found in women with a family history of the disease and those aged 50 to 70. Lifestyle factors, such as being overweight after menopause, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, and smoking, can also increase risk.

Early signs of breast cancer are:

-On the breast:

• A lump or any lumpiness
• Thickened tissue
• A rash, flaky skin or red marks

-Changes to the nipple, such as skin dimpling or a newly inverted nipple

-Blood-stained discharge from the nipple

-A change in the breast shape

Regular mammograms (free every two years from ages 45 to 69) are the best way to detect early signs.

Caused by several types of the human papillomavirus (HPV), the virus is transmitted through sexual contact. Most infections clear by themselves, but some can lead to cervical cancer later on in life. Women who’ve had many children, been using birth control pills long-term, smoke, or have a weakened immune system are at higher risk.

Cervical cancer may not have any symptoms at first, so it’s important to have regular cervical smear tests and the HPV vaccines.

One of the most common cancers for women over the age of 50. While there are four major types of ovarian cancer, the most common type, epithelial cancer, causes about 85-90% of all ovarian cancers and tends to develop after menopause.

Although the exact cause is unknown, age and family history of ovarian cancer increases risk. Symptoms aren’t usually obvious until the cancer is quite advanced, but can include:

• Ongoing abdominal or back pain
• Abnormal vaginal bleeding
• Nausea or bloating
• Loss of appetite

Early detection is the best way to treat these conditions, so regular check-ups are crucial. In the event, these health issues sneak up without warning, private health insurance can help give you peace of mind and ensure you’re covered for the unexpected.